Political Science Learning & Reference Hub
The nature of sovereignty is the defining feature that distinguishes the state from all other human associations. Sovereignty represents the supreme will and final authority within a territory—the ultimate power to command, legislate, and enforce obedience. While individuals and organizations possess collective wills, only the state enjoys the authority to override all others in cases … Read more
The classification of constitutions is a foundational concept in political science and constitutional law. Constitutions may be categorized based on popular participation, their origin, form, legal authority, and adaptability. Traditionally, scholars have distinguished between written and unwritten constitutions, as well as evolved and enacted systems. However, modern constitutional theory critiques this approach and favors a … Read more
Public opinion plays a decisive role in shaping democratic governance in the United States. Historically, governments were viewed as divinely ordained authorities beyond public scrutiny. With the rise of democracy, this perception shifted—government became an instrument of the people, accountable to their collective will. The growth of public education, expanded voting rights, and mass communication … Read more
Aristocracy is a form of government in which political authority is concentrated in the hands of a select few considered superior by birth, wealth, intellect, education, or social standing. Rooted in classical political philosophy, aristocracy was once regarded by thinkers like Plato and Aristotle as the ideal system of governance—provided rulers governed for the common … Read more
The State is the most important political institution in modern society. Political science recognizes that a State must possess four essential elements—population, territory, government, and sovereignty—to exist as an independent political entity. The absence of any one of these elements denies full Statehood. These principles form the foundation of constitutional governance in the United States … Read more
In Political Science, the term State carries a precise and scientific meaning that differs sharply from its everyday usage. Commonly mistaken as a synonym for nation, government, or society, the State is, in fact, a distinct political institution defined by people, territory, organized government, and sovereignty. Understanding the true meaning of the State is fundamental … Read more
Political science, known as a science, falls back to the old importance of the word science, which was an assemblage of learning and practice inside a discipline. As of late (amid of the most recent century), the word science’s importance progressed toward becoming related with the logical technique. “There is political science in the same … Read more
Political Science is the scientific designation of the subject of our study. This name has been accepted by the political scientists drawn from various countries assembled in a meeting under UNESCO’s auspices. It covers the whole range of knowledge regarding the political governance of man. According to Paul Janet: “Political Science is that part of … Read more
Monarchy — historically one of the oldest forms of government — refers to a system where supreme authority rests in the hands of a single ruler. Whether hereditary or secured by other means, a monarchy’s effectiveness depends on how power is exercised. This article explores the advantages and disadvantages of monarchy, from historical unity and … Read more
Definition of Liberty: Liberty is derived from the Latin word liber, which means free. It is a word of negative meaning denoting the absence of restraint. Its primary significance is to do what one likes, regardless of all consequences, But this is obviously an impossibility. Liberty, in the sense of a complete absence of restraint, … Read more